Why toxicologists resisted and radiation geneticists supported EPA’S adoption of LNT for cancer risk assessment

Paper Via Junk Science Edward J. Calabresea,*, Robert J. Golden School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA b702 Linslade Street, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA ABSTRACT The linear non-threshold (LNT) dose response model for cancer risk assessment has been a controversial…

Precipitable Water Redux

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach In my last post I investigated the mathematical relationship between the amount of total precipitable water vapor (TPW) in the atmosphere, and the clear-sky greenhouse effect. Here is the main figure from that post showing the relationship: Figure 1. Scatterplot, TPW (horizontal scale) versus Atmospheric Absorption (vertical scale). Dashed yellow…

Precipitable Water

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach One of my great pleasures is to come across a new dataset. Turn me loose on new observations of this magical world, and there’s no telling where I’ll end up. Thanks to a recent article here on WUWT I got to thinking about water vapor. Some research found the RSS…

The next big worry: Claim of major U.S. aquifers contaminated by Uranium – but is it really a problem to health?

Study: 2 major US aquifers contaminated by natural uranium Naturally occurring uranium is being mobilized by farm-related pollution From the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. Nearly 2 million people throughout the Great Plains and California above aquifer sites contaminated with natural uranium that is mobilized by human-contributed nitrate, according to a study from the University of…

Silver Ants

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach I stumbled across a lovely article about the Saharan silver ant over at phys.org. These ants have special hairs that reflect strongly in the visual and radiate strongly in the infrared. They show a photo of the ant hairs under a couple different amounts of magnification: Figure 1. Photograph from the phys.org…

The Desert Finder

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach Despite doing lots of research and investigations over the last few weeks, I’ve written little. Well, actually, I’ve published little, although I’ve written a lot. But I didn’t publish what I’d done, there was no wonder in it, no awe. So I tossed it all out and started “simply messing…

The CERES Calculated Surface Datasets

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach The CERES dataset is satellite data that is based on radiation measurements made from low earth orbit. The CERES data has two parts. The first part is observational data, measurements of downwelling and upwelling solar radiation and of upwelling longwave radiation. It is usually referred as the CERES “top-of-atmosphere” data.…

A First Look At SURFRAD

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach Since the late Nineties the US has had seven industrial-strength stations that measure a variety of climate variables every minute, 24/7. These are called “SURFRAD” stations. As a data junkie I’ve been wanting to look at their results for a while … but the data is in an ugly format. They have…

A Modtran Mystery

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach I’ve been messing about with the “Modtran” online calculator for atmospheric absorption. It’s called “Modtran” because it is a MODerate resolution program to calculate atmospheric infrared absorption written in ForTRAN, which calculates the result for each 1 cm-1 wide band of the wavenumber across the spectrum. Not quite a “line-by-line” calculation, but…

Marginal Parasitic Loss Rates

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach There is a more global restatement of Murphy’s Law which says “Nature always sides with the hidden flaw”. Parasitic losses are an example of that law at work. In any heat engine, either natural or manmade, there are what are called “parasitic losses”. These are losses that tend to reduce…

Water Vapor Feedback

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach Well, another productive ramble through the CERES dataset, which never ceases to surprise me. This time my eye was caught by a press release about a new (paywalled) study by Gordon et al. regarding the effect of water vapor on the climate: From 2002 to 2009, an infrared sounder aboard…

Three Clocks

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach I got to wandering through the three main datasets that make up the overall CERES data, and I noticed an odd thing. The three main datasets are the all-sky downwelling solar, upwelling reflected solar, and upwelling longwave radiation, measured in watts per square metre (W/m2). Here are those three datasets:…

Cancelling the Tropical Cancellation

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach There’s a much-cited paper (129 citations) from 1994 called “On the Observed Near Cancellation between Longwave and Shortwave Cloud Forcing in Tropical Regions” by J. T. Kiehl (hereinafter Kiehl1994), available here. The paper makes the following claim (emphasis mine): ABSTRACT Observations based on Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) satellite data indicate that…

Video: Comments on Human-Induced Global Warming – Episode 1 – The Hiroshima Bomb Metric

With much fanfare from the faithful (a grand total of 15 comments as of this writing), SkepticalScience recently released their 4-Hiroshima-Bombs-per-second widget. Their claimed intent is to “raise the awareness of global warming”. Nonsense. Their intent is to scare people—children and adults—into believing that something must be done about global warming. It’s nothing but propaganda—plain…

What We Don’t Know

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach Back in August 2010, WUWT ran an article wherein it was claimed that variations in the sun changed the rate of radioactive decay. This, of course, flew in the face of years and years of experimental evidence, starting with the Curies, that the rate of radioactive decay is constant, unaffected…

The Forcing Conundrum

Guest Post by Willis Eschenbach. For all of its faults, the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) lays out their idea of the climate paradigm pretty clearly. A fundamental part of this paradigm is that the long-term change in global average surface temperature is a linear function of the long-term change in what is called…

20 trillion watts is not even Trenberth’s missing heat

Dr. Roger Pielke Sr. writes: News Article On The Earth’s Heat From Radioactive Decay An intriguing news article has appeared by Charles Q. Choi titled Radioactive decay fuels Earth’s inner fires The article includes the text “Extraordinary amount of heat remains from primordial days, scientists say The researchers found the decay of radioactive isotopes uranium-238 and thorium-232…

Earth’s Climate System Is Ridiculously Complex – With Draft Link Tutorial

By WUWT regular “Just The Facts” I am often amused by claims that we understand Earth’s climate system, are able to accurately measure its behavior, eliminate all potential variables except CO2 as the primary driver of Earth’s temperature and make predictions of Earth’s temperature decades into the future, all with a high degree of confidence.…

Visualizing the “Greenhouse Effect” – Light and Heat

Guest Post by Ira Glickstein Solar “light” radiation in = Earth “heat” radiation to Space out! That’s old news to those of us who understand all energy is fungible (may be converted to different forms of energy) and energy/mass is conserved (cannot be created nor destroyed). My Visualizing series [Physical Analogy, Atmospheric Windows, Emission Spectra,…

Visualizing the “Greenhouse Effect” – Molecules and Photons

Guest Post by Ira Glickstein This series began with a mechanical analogy for the Atmospheric “Greenhouse Effect” and progressed a bit more deeply into Atmospheric Windows and Emission Spectra. In this posting, we consider the interaction between air molecules, including Nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2), Water Vapor (H2O) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2), with Photons of various…